Coronary Artery Disease Explained: What Every Melbourne Patient Needs to Know

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common type of heart disease, affecting millions of people worldwide, including many right here in Melbourne. It occurs when the arteries that supply blood to the heart become narrowed or blocked, reducing the heart’s ability to receive enough oxygen-rich blood.

Although coronary artery disease can be serious, it is also highly manageable with early diagnosis, the right treatment, and lifestyle changes. At Cardiology Specialists Melbourne, our Melbourne cardiologists are dedicated to helping patients understand and take control of their heart health. If you’ve been diagnosed with CAD, are at risk, or are experiencing worrying CAD symptoms, don’t delay seeking a professional heart check-up in Melbourne. Early intervention could save your life.

What Is Coronary Artery Disease?

So, what is coronary artery disease? CAD develops when plaque (a combination of cholesterol, fat, calcium, and other substances) builds up inside the coronary arteries. This process is known as atherosclerosis. Over time, the arteries narrow and harden, restricting blood flow to the heart muscle.

When blood flow is reduced, the heart doesn’t get enough oxygen, especially during exertion. This can cause chest pain, known as angina. In more severe cases, plaque can rupture, forming a blood clot that blocks the artery entirely, leading to a heart attack.

Understanding coronary artery disease in Melbourne is the first step towards managing it. With expert help from a heart disease specialist in Melbourne, you can reduce your risks and live a longer, healthier life.

Risk Factors of Coronary Artery Disease

Several factors increase the risk of developing CAD. Some can’t be changed, but many can be managed with the right care and lifestyle adjustments.

Age: Risk increases with age, especially after 45 for men and 55 for women.
Smoking: A major contributor to atherosclerosis.
High Blood Pressure and Cholesterol: These silently damage arteries over time.
Diabetes: Can accelerate plague build-up.
Family History: Genetics play a role in the development of CAD.
Poor Diet and Inactivity: Unhealthy lifestyle habits contribute significantly.

A routine heart check-up in Melbourne can help detect CAD risk factors early, giving you the best chance of preventing complications before they arise.

Common CAD Symptoms

CAD symptoms can vary from person to person. Some people experience noticeable warning signs, while others may not feel anything until they suffer a heart attack. Common CAD symptoms include:

Chest Pain or Discomfort (Angina): Often described as pressure, squeezing, or heaviness in the chest.
Shortness of Breath: Especially during physical activity.
Fatigue: Feeling unusually tired, even with minimal effort.
Heart Palpitation: A fluttering or pounding heart.

It’s important to recognise the signs of blocked arteries and seek prompt medical attention. Ignoring CAD symptoms could delay vital treatment.

Diagnosis & Treatment for Coronary Artery Disease

How It’s Diagnosed

If you or your GP suspect CAD, a Melbourne cardiologist at Cardiology Specialists Melbourne may recommend several tests to confirm the diagnosis:

Electrocardiogram (ECG): Measures electrical activity of the heart to detect abnormalities.
Stress Testing: Assesses heart performance during exercise or with medication.
Echocardiogram: Uses ultrasound to visualise heart structure and function.
Coronary Angiography: An invasive but detailed test using dye and X-rays to examine blood flow in the coronary arteries.

These tests are safe and effective ways to get a clear picture of your heart’s condition and guide the next steps in care.

Treatment Options

There are several treatments for coronary artery disease, depending on the severity of the condition and the patient’s overall health. At Cardiology Specialists Melbourne, we tailor every treatment plan to suit individual needs.

Lifestyle Changes: A heart-healthy diet (low in saturated fats and cholesterol), regular exercise, quitting smoking, and stress management.
Medications: Statins to lower cholesterol, blood pressure medications, and aspirin or antiplatelet therapy to reduce clotting risk.
Procedures: Angioplasty and stenting (minimally invasive procedure to open blocked arteries) and coronary artery bypass surgery (recommended in more advanced cases, where arteries are severely blocked or narrowed).

A heart disease specialist in Melbourne will work closely with you to determine the best treatment for coronary artery disease for your unique situation.

Living with Coronary Artery Disease

While CAD is a chronic condition, it is possible to live a full and active life with the right support. Ongoing care, including regular follow-ups with your Melbourne cardiologist, is essential to monitor your condition and adjust treatment as needed.

Lifestyle modifications, emotional wellbeing, and the support of experienced healthcare professionals can all make a significant difference. Patients are encouraged to take an active role in managing their condition.

If you’re living with coronary artery disease in Melbourne, know that you are not alone. Our team at Cardiology Specialists Melbourne is here to help you every step of the way.

If you’ve noticed any CAD symptoms, have risk factors, or simply want peace of mind, book a heart check-up in Melbourne today. Don’t wait for symptoms to worsen or for a crisis to occur.

Cardiology Specialists Melbourne offers compassionate, expert care for all stages of coronary artery disease. With timely diagnosis and treatment, you can reduce your risk of serious complications and enjoy a healthier future.